1 Adam, Sheth, Enosh,
2 Kenan, Mahalaleel, Jered,
3 Henoch, Methuselah, Lamech,
4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
5 The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
6 And the sons of Gomer; Ashchenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
7 And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
8 The sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
9 And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raamah, and Sabtecha. And the sons of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan.
10 And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be mighty upon the earth.
11 And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,
12 And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (of whom came the Philistines,) and Caphthorim.
13 And Canaan begat Zidon his firstborn, and Heth,
14 The Jebusite also, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite,
15 And the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
16 And the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite.
17 The sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
18 And Arphaxad begat Shelah, and Shelah begat Eber.
19 And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg; because in his days the earth was divided: and his brother's name was Joktan.
20 And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,
21 Hadoram also, and Uzal, and Diklah,
22 And Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
23 And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
24 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah,
25 Eber, Peleg, Reu,
26 Serug, Nahor, Terah,
27 Abram; the same is Abraham.
28 The sons of Abraham; Isaac, and Ishmael.
29 These are their generations: The firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth; then Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam,
30 Mishma, and Dumah, Massa, Hadad, and Tema,
31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
32 Now the sons of Keturah, Abraham's concubine: she bare Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And the sons of Jokshan; Sheba, and Dedan.
33 And the sons of Midian; Ephah, and Epher, and Henoch, and Abida, and Eldaah. All these are the sons of Keturah.
34 And Abraham begat Isaac. The sons of Isaac; Esau and Israel.
35 The sons of Esau; Eliphaz, Reuel, and Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah.
36 The sons of Eliphaz; Teman, and Omar, Zephi, and Gatam, Kenaz, and Timna, and Amalek.
37 The sons of Reuel; Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
38 And the sons of Seir; Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, and Dishon, and Ezar, and Dishan.
39 And the sons of Lotan; Hori, and Homam: and Timna was Lotan's sister.
40 The sons of Shobal; Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi, and Onam. and the sons of Zibeon; Aiah, and Anah.
41 The sons of Anah; Dishon. And the sons of Dishon; Amram, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran.
42 The sons of Ezer; Bilhan, and Zavan, and Jakan. The sons of Dishan; Uz, and Aran.
43 Now these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the children of Israel; Bela the son of Beor: and the name of his city was Dinhabah.
44 And when Bela was dead, Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead.
45 And when Jobab was dead, Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his stead.
46 And when Husham was dead, Hadad the son of Bedad, which smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith.
47 And when Hadad was dead, Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead.
48 And when Samlah was dead, Shaul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead.
49 And when Shaul was dead, Baalhanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead.
50 And when Baalhanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.
51 Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,
52 Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon,
53 Duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke Mibzar,
54 Duke Magdiel, duke Iram. These are the dukes of Edom.
1 Adam, H121 Sheth, H8352 Enosh, H583
2 Kenan, H7018 Mahalaleel, H4111 Jered, H3382
3 Henoch, H2585 Methuselah, H4968 Lamech, H3929
4 Noah, H5146 Shem, H8035 Ham, H2526 and Japheth. H3315
5 The sons H1121 of Japheth; H3315 Gomer, H1586 and Magog, H4031 and Madai, H4074 and Javan, H3120 and Tubal, H8422 and Meshech, H4902 and Tiras. H8494
6 And the sons H1121 of Gomer; H1586 Ashchenaz, H813 and Riphath, H7384 and Togarmah. H8425
7 And the sons H1121 of Javan; H3120 Elishah, H473 and Tarshish, H8659 Kittim, H3794 and Dodanim. H1721
8 The sons H1121 of Ham; H2526 Cush, H3568 and Mizraim, H4714 Put, H6316 and Canaan. H3667
9 And the sons H1121 of Cush; H3568 Seba, H5434 and Havilah, H2341 and Sabta, H5454 and Raamah, H7484 and Sabtecha. H5455 And the sons H1121 of Raamah; H7484 Sheba, H7614 and Dedan. H1719
10 And Cush H3568 begat H3205 Nimrod: H5248 he began H2490 to be mighty H1368 upon the earth. H776
11 And Mizraim H4714 begat H3205 Ludim, H3866 and Anamim, H6047 and Lehabim, H3853 and Naphtuhim, H5320
12 And Pathrusim, H6625 and Casluhim, H3695 (of whom came H3318 the Philistines,) H6430 and Caphthorim. H3732
13 And Canaan H3667 begat H3205 Zidon H6721 his firstborn, H1060 and Heth, H2845
14 The Jebusite H2983 also, and the Amorite, H567 and the Girgashite, H1622
15 And the Hivite, H2340 and the Arkite, H6208 and the Sinite, H5513
16 And the Arvadite, H721 and the Zemarite, H6786 and the Hamathite. H2577
17 The sons H1121 of Shem; H8035 Elam, H5867 and Asshur, H804 and Arphaxad, H775 and Lud, H3865 and Aram, H758 and Uz, H5780 and Hul, H2343 and Gether, H1666 and Meshech. H4902
18 And Arphaxad H775 begat H3205 Shelah, H7974 and Shelah H7974 begat H3205 Eber. H5677
19 And unto Eber H5677 were born H3205 two H8147 sons: H1121 the name H8034 of the one H259 was Peleg; H6389 because in his days H3117 the earth H776 was divided: H6385 and his brother's H251 name H8034 was Joktan. H3355
20 And Joktan H3355 begat H3205 Almodad, H486 and Sheleph, H8026 and Hazarmaveth, H2700 and Jerah, H3392
21 Hadoram H1913 also, and Uzal, H187 and Diklah, H1853
22 And Ebal, H5858 and Abimael, H39 and Sheba, H7614
23 And Ophir, H211 and Havilah, H2341 and Jobab. H3103 All these were the sons H1121 of Joktan. H3355
24 Shem, H8035 Arphaxad, H775 Shelah, H7974
25 Eber, H5677 Peleg, H6389 Reu, H7466
26 Serug, H8286 Nahor, H5152 Terah, H8646
27 Abram; H87 the same is Abraham. H85
28 The sons H1121 of Abraham; H85 Isaac, H3327 and Ishmael. H3458
29 These are their generations: H8435 The firstborn H1060 of Ishmael, H3458 Nebaioth; H5032 then Kedar, H6938 and Adbeel, H110 and Mibsam, H4017
30 Mishma, H4927 and Dumah, H1746 Massa, H4854 Hadad, H2301 and Tema, H8485
31 Jetur, H3195 Naphish, H5305 and Kedemah. H6929 These are the sons H1121 of Ishmael. H3458
32 Now the sons H1121 of Keturah, H6989 Abraham's H85 concubine: H6370 she bare H3205 Zimran, H2175 and Jokshan, H3370 and Medan, H4091 and Midian, H4080 and Ishbak, H3435 and Shuah. H7744 And the sons H1121 of Jokshan; H3370 Sheba, H7614 and Dedan. H1719
33 And the sons H1121 of Midian; H4080 Ephah, H5891 and Epher, H6081 and Henoch, H2585 and Abida, H28 and Eldaah. H420 All these are the sons H1121 of Keturah. H6989
34 And Abraham H85 begat H3205 Isaac. H3327 The sons H1121 of Isaac; H3327 Esau H6215 and Israel. H3478
35 The sons H1121 of Esau; H6215 Eliphaz, H464 Reuel, H7467 and Jeush, H3266 and Jaalam, H3281 and Korah. H7141
36 The sons H1121 of Eliphaz; H464 Teman, H8487 and Omar, H201 Zephi, H6825 and Gatam, H1609 Kenaz, H7073 and Timna, H8555 and Amalek. H6002
37 The sons H1121 of Reuel; H7467 Nahath, H5184 Zerah, H2226 Shammah, H8048 and Mizzah. H4199
38 And the sons H1121 of Seir; H8165 Lotan, H3877 and Shobal, H7732 and Zibeon, H6649 and Anah, H6034 and Dishon, H1787 and Ezer, H687 and Dishan. H1789
39 And the sons H1121 of Lotan; H3877 Hori, H2753 and Homam: H1950 and Timna H8555 was Lotan's H3877 sister. H269
40 The sons H1121 of Shobal; H7732 Alian, H5935 and Manahath, H4506 and Ebal, H5858 Shephi, H8195 and Onam. H208 And the sons H1121 of Zibeon; H6649 Aiah, H345 and Anah. H6034
41 The sons H1121 of Anah; H6034 Dishon. H1787 And the sons H1121 of Dishon; H1787 Amram, H2566 and Eshban, H790 and Ithran, H3506 and Cheran. H3763
42 The sons H1121 of Ezer; H687 Bilhan, H1092 and Zavan, H2190 and Jakan. H3292 The sons H1121 of Dishan; H1789 Uz, H5780 and Aran. H765
43 Now these are the kings H4428 that reigned H4427 in the land H776 of Edom H123 before H6440 any king H4428 reigned H4427 over the children H1121 of Israel; H3478 Bela H1106 the son H1121 of Beor: H1160 and the name H8034 of his city H5892 was Dinhabah. H1838
44 And when Bela H1106 was dead, H4191 Jobab H3103 the son H1121 of Zerah H2226 of Bozrah H1224 reigned H4427 in his stead.
45 And when Jobab H3103 was dead, H4191 Husham H2367 of the land H776 of the Temanites H8489 reigned H4427 in his stead.
46 And when Husham H2367 was dead, H4191 Hadad H1908 the son H1121 of Bedad, H911 which smote H5221 Midian H4080 in the field H7704 of Moab, H4124 reigned H4427 in his stead: and the name H8034 of his city H5892 was Avith. H5762
47 And when Hadad H1908 was dead, H4191 Samlah H8072 of Masrekah H4957 reigned H4427 in his stead.
48 And when Samlah H8072 was dead, H4191 Shaul H7586 of Rehoboth H7344 by the river H5104 reigned H4427 in his stead.
49 And when Shaul H7586 was dead, H4191 Baalhanan H1177 the son H1121 of Achbor H5907 reigned H4427 in his stead.
50 And when Baalhanan H1177 was dead, H4191 Hadad H1908 reigned H4427 in his stead: and the name H8034 of his city H5892 was Pai; H6464 and his wife's H802 name H8034 was Mehetabel, H4105 the daughter H1323 of Matred, H4308 the daughter H1323 of Mezahab. H4314
51 Hadad H1908 died H4191 also. And the dukes H441 of Edom H123 were; duke H441 Timnah, H8555 duke H441 Aliah, H5933 duke H441 Jetheth, H3509
52 Duke H441 Aholibamah, H173 duke H441 Elah, H425 duke H441 Pinon, H6373
53 Duke H441 Kenaz, H7073 duke H441 Teman, H8487 duke H441 Mibzar, H4014
54 Duke H441 Magdiel, H4025 duke H441 Iram. H5902 These are the dukes H441 of Edom. H123
1 Adam, Seth, Enosh,
2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jared,
3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech,
4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
5 The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
6 And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Diphath, and Togarmah.
7 And the sons of Javan: Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Rodanim.
8 The sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
9 And the sons of Cush: Seba, and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raama, and Sabteca. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba, and Dedan.
10 And Cush begat Nimrod; he began to be a mighty one in the earth.
11 And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,
12 and Pathrusim, and Casluhim (from whence came the Philistines), and Caphtorim.
13 And Canaan begat Sidon his first-born, and Heth,
14 and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite,
15 and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
16 and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite.
17 The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
18 And Arpachshad begat Shelah, and Shelah begat Eber.
19 And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg; for in his days the earth was divided; and his brother's name was Joktan.
20 And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,
21 and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah,
22 and Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
23 and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
24 Shem, Arpachshad, Shelah,
25 Eber, Peleg, Reu,
26 Serug, Nahor, Terah,
27 Abram (the same is Abraham).
28 The sons of Abraham: Isaac, and Ishmael.
29 These are their generations: the first-born of Ishmael, Nebaioth; then Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam,
30 Mishma, and Dumah, Massa, Hadad, and Tema,
31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
32 And the sons of Keturah, Abraham's concubine: she bare Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And the sons of Jokshan: Sheba, and Dedan.
33 And the sons of Midian: Ephah, and Epher, and Hanoch, and Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the sons of Keturah.
34 And Abraham begat Isaac. The sons of Isaac: Esau, and Israel.
35 The sons of Esau: Eliphaz, Reuel, and Jeush, and Jalam, and Korah.
36 The sons of Eliphaz: Teman, and Omar, Zephi, and Gatam, Kenaz, and Timna, and Amalek.
37 The sons of Reuel: Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
38 And the sons of Seir: Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, and Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan.
39 And the sons of Lotan: Hori, and Homam; and Timna was Lotan's sister.
40 The sons of Shobal: Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi, and Onam. And the sons of Zibeon: Aiah, and Anah.
41 The sons of Anah: Dishon. And the sons of Dishon: Hamran, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran.
42 The sons of Ezer: Bilhan, and Zaavan, Jaakan. The sons of Dishan: Uz, and Aran.
43 Now these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom, before there resigned any king over the children of Israel: Bela the son of Beor; and the name of his city was Dinhabah.
44 And Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead.
45 And Jobab died, and Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his stead.
46 And Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad, who smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead; and the name of his city was Avith.
47 And Hadad died, and Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead.
48 And Samlah died, and Shaul of Rehoboth by the River reigned in his stead.
49 And Shaul died, and Baal-hanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead.
50 And Baal-hanan died, and Hadad reigned in his stead; and the name of his city was Pai: and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab.
51 And Hadad died. And the chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,
52 chief Oholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon,
53 chief Kenaz, chief Teman, chief Mibzar,
54 chief Magdiel, chief Iram. These are the chiefs of Edom.
1 Adam, Sheth, Enosh,
2 Kenan, Mahalaleel, Jered,
3 Henoch, Methuselah, Lamech,
4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
5 Sons of Japheth: Gomer and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
6 And sons of Gomer: Ashchenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
7 And sons of Javan: Elisha, and Tarshishah, Kittim, and Dodanim.
8 Sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
9 And sons of Cush: Seba and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raamah, and Sabtecka. And sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.
10 And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the land.
11 And Mizraim begat the Ludim, and the Anamim, and the Lehabim, and the Naphtuhim,
12 and the Pathrusim, and the Casluhim (from whom came out the Philistim), and the Caphtorim.
13 And Canaan begat Zidon his first born, and Heth,
14 and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite,
15 and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
16 and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite.
17 Sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
18 And Arphaxad begat Shelah, and Shelah begat Eber.
19 And to Eber have been born two sons, the name of the one `is' Peleg, for in his days hath the land been divided, and the name of his brother is Joktan.
20 And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,
21 and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah,
22 and Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
23 and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab; all these `are' sons of Joktan.
24 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah,
25 Eber, Peleg, Reu,
26 Serug, Nahor, Terah,
27 Abram -- he `is' Abraham.
28 Sons of Abraham: Isaac and Ishmael.
29 These `are' their generations: first-born of Ishmael, Nebaioth, and Kedar, and Adheel, and Mibsam,
30 Mishma, and Dumah, Massa, Hadad, and Tema,
31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedema. These are sons of Ishmael.
32 And sons of Keturah, Abraham's concubine: she bare Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And sons of Jokshan: Sheba and Dedan.
33 And sons of Midian: Ephah and Epher, and Henoch, and Abida, and Eldaah; all these `are' sons of Keturah.
34 And Abraham begetteth Isaac. Sons of Isaac: Esau and Israel.
35 Sons of Esau: Eliphaz, Reuel, and Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah.
36 Sons of Eliphaz: Teman, and Omar, Zephi, and Gatam, Kenaz, and Timna, and Amalek.
37 Sons of Reuel: Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
38 And sons of Seir: Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, and Dishon, and Ezar, and Dishan.
39 And sons of Lotan: Hori and Homam, and sister of Lotan `is' Timna.
40 Sons of Shobal: Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi, and Onam. And sons of Zideon: Aiah and Anah.
41 The sons of Anah: Dishon. and sons of Dishon: Amram, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran.
42 Sons of Ezer: Bilhan, and Zavan, Jakan. Sons of Dishan: Uz and Aran.
43 And these `are' the kings who reigned in the land of Edom before the reigning of a king of the sons of Israel: Bela son of Beor, and the name of his city `is' Dinhabah.
44 And Bela dieth, and reign in his stead doth Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrali;
45 and Jobab dieth, and reign in his stead doth Husham from the land of the Temanite;
46 and Husham dieth, and reign in his stead doth Hadad, son of Bedad (who smiteth Midian in the field of Moab) and the name of his city `is' Avith;
47 and Hadad dieth, and reign in his stead doth Samlah from Masrekah;
48 and Samlah dieth, and reign in his stead doth Shaul from Rehoboth of the River;
49 and Shaul dieth, and reign in his stead doth Baal-Hanan son of Achbor;
50 and Baal-Hanan dieth, and reign in his stead doth Hadad, and the name of his city `is' Pai, and the name of his wife `is' Mehetabel daughter of Matred, daughter of Me-Zahab; Hadad also dieth.
51 And chiefs of Edom are: chief Timnah, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,
52 chief Aholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon,
53 chief Kenaz, chief Teman, chief Mibzar,
54 chief Magdiel, chief Iram. These `are' chiefs of Edom.
1 Adam, Seth, Enosh,
2 Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared,
3 Enoch, Methushelah, Lemech,
4 Noah; Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
5 The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
6 -- And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Diphath, and Togarmah.
7 And the sons of Javan: Elishah and Tarshish, Kittim and Rodanim.
8 The sons of Ham: Cush and Mizraim, Phut and Canaan.
9 -- And the sons of Cush: Seba and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raama, and Sabtecha. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.
10 And Cush begot Nimrod: he began to be mighty on the earth.
11 -- And Mizraim begot the Ludim, and the Anamim, and the Lehabim, and the Naphtuhim,
12 and the Pathrusim, and the Casluhim out of whom came the Philistines, and the Caphtorim.
13 -- And Canaan begot Zidon his firstborn, and Heth,
14 and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite,
15 and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
16 and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite.
17 The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
18 -- And Arphaxad begot Shelah, and Shelah begot Eber.
19 And to Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg, for in his days was the earth divided; and his brother's name was Joktan.
20 And Joktan begot Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,
21 and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah,
22 and Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
23 and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab: all these were sons of Joktan.
24 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah,
25 Eber, Peleg, Reu,
26 Serug, Nahor, Terah,
27 Abram: the same is Abraham.
28 The sons of Abraham: Isaac and Ishmael.
29 These are their generations: the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth; and Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam;
30 Mishma and Dumah; Massa, Hadad, and Tema;
31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedmah: those are the sons of Ishmael.
32 -- And the sons of Keturah, Abraham's concubine: she bore Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And the sons of Jokshan: Sheba and Dedan.
33 And the sons of Midian: Ephah, and Epher, and Enoch, and Abida, and Eldaah. All these were sons of Keturah.
34 And Abraham begot Isaac. The sons of Isaac: Esau and Israel.
35 The sons of Esau: Eliphaz, Reuel, and Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah.
36 -- The sons of Eliphaz: Teman and Omar, Zephi and Gatam, Kenaz, and Timna, and Amalek.
37 The sons of Reuel: Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
38 And the sons of Seir: Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, and Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan.
39 -- And the sons of Lotan: Hori and Homam. And Lotan's sister, Timna.
40 -- The sons of Shobal: Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi and Onam. -- And the sons of Zibeon: Ajah and Anah.
41 -- The sons of Anah: Dishon. -- And the sons of Dishon: Hamran, and Eshban, and Jithran, and Cheran.
42 -- The sons of Ezer: Bilhan, and Zaavan, [and] Jaakan. -- The sons of Dishan: Uz and Aran.
43 And these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom before there reigned a king over the children of Israel: -- Bela the son of Beor; and the name of his city was Dinhabah.
44 And Bela died; and Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead.
45 And Jobab died; and Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his stead.
46 And Husham died; and Hadad the son of Bedad, who smote Midian in the fields of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith.
47 And Hadad died; and Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead.
48 And Samlah died; and Saul of Rehoboth on the river reigned in his stead.
49 And Saul died; and Baal-hanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead.
50 And Baal-hanan died; and Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife's name was Mehetabel the daughter of Matred, daughter of Mezahab.
51 And Hadad died. And the chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,
52 chief Oholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon,
53 chief Kenaz, chief Teman, chief Mibzar,
54 chief Magdiel, chief Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom.
1 Adam, Seth, Enosh,
2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jared,
3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech,
4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
5 The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
6 The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Diphath, and Togarmah.
7 The sons of Javan: Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Rodanim.
8 The sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
9 The sons of Cush: Seba, and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raama, and Sabteca. The sons of Raamah: Sheba, and Dedan.
10 Cush became the father of Nimrod; he began to be a mighty one in the earth.
11 Mizraim became the father of Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,
12 and Pathrusim, and Casluhim (from whence came the Philistines), and Caphtorim.
13 Canaan became the father of Sidon his firstborn, and Heth,
14 and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite,
15 and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
16 and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite.
17 The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
18 Arpachshad became the father of Shelah, and Shelah became the father of Eber.
19 To Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg; for in his days the earth was divided; and his brother's name was Joktan.
20 Joktan became the father of Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,
21 and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah,
22 and Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
23 and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
24 Shem, Arpachshad, Shelah,
25 Eber, Peleg, Reu,
26 Serug, Nahor, Terah,
27 Abram (the same is Abraham).
28 The sons of Abraham: Isaac, and Ishmael.
29 These are their generations: the firstborn of Ishmael, Nebaioth; then Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam,
30 Mishma, and Dumah, Massa, Hadad, and Tema,
31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
32 The sons of Keturah, Abraham's concubine: she bore Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. The sons of Jokshan: Sheba, and Dedan.
33 The sons of Midian: Ephah, and Epher, and Hanoch, and Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the sons of Keturah.
34 Abraham became the father of Isaac. The sons of Isaac: Esau, and Israel.
35 The sons of Esau: Eliphaz, Reuel, and Jeush, and Jalam, and Korah.
36 The sons of Eliphaz: Teman, and Omar, Zephi, and Gatam, Kenaz, and Timna, and Amalek.
37 The sons of Reuel: Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
38 The sons of Seir: Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, and Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan.
39 The sons of Lotan: Hori, and Homam; and Timna was Lotan's sister.
40 The sons of Shobal: Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi, and Onam. The sons of Zibeon: Aiah, and Anah.
41 The sons of Anah: Dishon. The sons of Dishon: Hamran, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran.
42 The sons of Ezer: Bilhan, and Zaavan, Jaakan. The sons of Dishan: Uz, and Aran.
43 Now these are the kings who reigned in the land of Edom, before there resigned any king over the children of Israel: Bela the son of Beor; and the name of his city was Dinhabah.
44 Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his place.
45 Jobab died, and Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his place.
46 Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad, who struck Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his place; and the name of his city was Avith.
47 Hadad died, and Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his place.
48 Samlah died, and Shaul of Rehoboth by the River reigned in his place.
49 Shaul died, and Baal Hanan the son of Achbor reigned in his place.
50 Baal Hanan died, and Hadad reigned in his place; and the name of his city was Pai: and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab.
51 Hadad died. The chiefs of Edom were: chief Timna, chief Aliah, chief Jetheth,
52 chief Oholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon,
53 chief Kenaz, chief Teman, chief Mibzar,
54 chief Magdiel, chief Iram. These are the chiefs of Edom.
1 Adam, Seth, Enosh;
2 Kenan, Mahalalel, Jared,
3 Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech;
4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
5 The sons of Japheth: Gomer and Magog and Madai and Javan and Tubal and Meshech and Tiras.
6 And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz and Diphath and Togarmah.
7 And the sons of Javan: Elishah and Tarshish, Kittim and Rodanim.
8 The sons of Ham: Cush and Egypt, Put and Canaan.
9 And the sons of Cush: Seba and Havilah and Sabta and Raama and Sabteca. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.
10 And Cush was the father of Nimrod: he was the first to be a great man in the earth.
11 And Egypt was the father of the Ludim and the Anamim and the Lehabim and the Naphtuhim
12 And the Pathrusim and the Casluhim and the Caphtorim (from whom came the Philistines).
13 And Canaan was the father of Zidon, his oldest son, and Heth,
14 And the Jebusite and the Amorite and the Girgashite,
15 And the Hivite and the Arkite and the Sinite,
16 And the Arvadite and the Zemarite and the Hamathite.
17 The sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur and Arpachshad and Lud and Aram and Uz and Hul and Gether and Meshech.
18 And Arpachshad was the father of Shelah, and Shelah was the father of Eber.
19 And Eber had two sons: the name of the one was Peleg, because in his days a division was made of the earth; and his brother's name was Joktan.
20 And Joktan was the father of Almodad and Sheleph and Hazarmaveth and Jerah
21 And Hadoram and Uzal and Diklah
22 And Ebal and Abimael and Sheba
23 And Ophir and Havilah and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
24 Shem, Arpachshad, Shelah,
25 Eber, Peleg, Reu,
26 Serug, Nahor, Terah,
27 Abram (that is Abraham).
28 The sons of Abraham: Isaac and Ishmael.
29 These are their generations: the oldest son of Ishmael, Nebaioth; then Kedar and Adbeel and Mibsam,
30 Mishma and Dumah, Massa, Hadad and Tema,
31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
32 And the sons of Keturah, Abraham's servant-wife: she was the mother of Zimran and Jokshan and Medan and Midian and Ishbak and Shuah. And the sons of Jokshan: Sheba and Dedan.
33 And the sons of Midian: Ephah and Epher and Hanoch and Abida and Eldaah. All these were the sons of Keturah.
34 And Abraham was the father of Isaac. The sons of Isaac: Esau and Israel.
35 The sons of Esau: Eliphaz, Reuel and Jeush and Jalam and Korah.
36 The sons of Eliphaz: Teman and Omar, Zephi and Gatam, Kenaz and Timna and Amalek.
37 The sons of Reuel: Nahath, Zerah, Shammah and Mizzah.
38 And the sons of Seir: Lotan and Shobal and Zibeon and Anah and Dishon and Ezer and Dishan.
39 And the sons of Lotan: Hori and Homam; and Timna was Lotan's sister.
40 The sons of Shobal: Alian and Manahath and Ebal, Shephi and Onam. And the sons of Zibeon: Aiah and Anah.
41 The sons of Anah: Dishon. And the sons of Dishon: Hamran and Eshban and Ithran and Cheran.
42 The sons of Ezer: Bilhan and Zaavan, Jaakan. The sons of Dishan: Uz and Aran.
43 Now these are the kings who were ruling in the land of Edom, before there was any king over Israel: Bela, the son of Beor; his town was named Dinhabah.
44 At his death, Jobab, the son of Zerah of Bozrah, became king in his place.
45 At the death of Jobab, Husham, from the land of the Temanites, became king in his place.
46 And at the death of Husham, Hadad, the son of Bedad, who overcame Midian in the field of Moab, became king; his town was named Avith.
47 And at the death of Hadad, Samlah of Masrekah became king in his place.
48 And at the death of Samlah, Shaul of Rehoboth by the river became king in his place,
49 And at the death of Shaul, Baal-hanan, the son of Achbor, became king in his place.
50 And at the death of Baal-hanan, Hadad became king in his place; his town was named Pai, and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab.
51 And Hadad came to his end. Now the chiefs of Edom were: the chief of Timna, the chief of Aliah, the chief of Jetheth,
52 The chief of Oholibamah, the chief of Elah, the chief of Pinon,
53 The chief of Kenaz, the chief of Teman, the chief of Mibzar,
54 The chief of Magdiel, the chief of Iram. These are the chiefs of Edom.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Keil & Delitzsch Commentary » Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1
Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
I. Genealogies, With Historical and Topographical Notes - 1 Chronicles 1-9
In order to show the connection of the tribal ancestors of Israel with the peoples of the earth, in 1 Chron 1 are enumerated the generations of the primeval world, from Adam till the Flood, and those of the post-diluvians to Abraham and his sons, according to the accounts in Genesis; in 1 Chron 2-8, the twelve tribal ancestors of the people of Israel, and the most important families of the twelve tribes, are set down; and finally, in 1 Chron 9, we have a list of the former inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the genealogical table of King Saul. The enumeration of the tribes and families of Israel forms, accordingly, the chief part of the contents of this first part of the Chronicle, to which the review of the families and tribes of the primeval time and the early days of Israel form the introduction, and the information as to the inhabitants of Jerusalem and the family of King Saul the conclusion and the transition, to the following historical narrative. Now, if we glance at the order in which the genealogies of the tribes of Israel are range d - V iz. ( a ) those of the families of Judah and of the house of David, 1 Chron 2:1-4:23; ( b ) those of the tribe of Simeon, with an account of their dwelling-place, 1 Chron 4:24-43; ( c ) those of the trans-Jordanic tribes, Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh, 1 Chron 5; ( d ) of the tribe of Levi, or the priests and Levites, 1 Chr 6:1-66; ( e ) of the remaining tribes, viz., Issachar, Benjamin, Naphtali, cis-Jordanic Manasseh, Ephraim, and Asher, 1 Chron 7; and of some still remaining families of Benjamin, with the family of Saul, 1 Chron 8, - it is at once seen that this arrangement is the result of regarding the tribes from two points of view, which are closely connected with each other. On the one hand, regard is had to the historical position which the tribes took up, according to the order of birth of their tribal ancestors, and which they obtained by divine promise and guidance; on the other hand, the geographical position of their inheritance has been also taken into account. That regard to the historical position and importance of the tribes was mainly determinative, is plain from the introductory remarks to the genealogies of the tribe of Reuben, 1 Chronicles 5:1-2, to the effect that Reuben was the first-born of Israel, but that, because of his offence against his father's bed, his birthright was given to the sons of Joseph, although they are not specified as possessors of it in the family registers; while it is narrated that Judah, on the contrary, came to power among his brethren, and that out of Judah had come forth the prince over Israel. Judah is therefore placed at the head of the tribes, as that one out of which God chose the king over His people; and Simeon comes next in order, because they had received their inheritance within the tribal domain of Judah. Then follows Reuben as the first-born, and after him are placed Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh, because they had received their inheritance along with Reuben on the other side of the Jordan. After Reuben, according to age, only Levi could follow, and then after Levi come in order the other tribes. The arrangement of them, however - Issachar, Benjamin, Naphtali, Manasseh, Ephraim, Asher, and again Benjamin - is determined from neither the historical nor by the geographical point of view, but probably lay ready to the hand of the chronicler in the document used by him, as we are justified in concluding from the character of all these geographical and topographical lists.
For if we consider the character of these lists somewhat more carefully, we find that they are throughout imperfect in their contents, and fragmentary in their plan and execution. The imperfection in the contents shows itself in this, that no genealogies of the tribes of Dan and Zebulun are given at all, only the sons of Naphtali being mentioned (1 Chronicles 7:13); of the half tribe of Manasseh beyond Jordan we have only the names of some heads of fathers'-houses
(Note: It may perhaps be useful to notice here our author ' s use of the words Geschlecht, Vaterhaus, and Familie, and the rendering of them in English. As he states in a subsequent page, the Geschlechteer are the larger divisions of the tribes tracing their descent from the sons of the twelve patriarchs; the V
The patriarchs from Adam to Noah and his sons. - The names of the ten patriarchs of the primeval world, from the Creation to the Flood, and the three sons of Noah, are given according to Gen 5, and grouped together without any link of connection whatever: it is assumed as known from Genesis, that the first ten names denote generations succeeding one another, and that the last three, on the contrary, are the names of brethren.
The peoples and races descended from the sons of Noah. - These are enumerated according to the table in Gen 10; but our author has omitted not only the introductory and concluding remarks (Genesis 10:1, Genesis 10:21, Genesis 10:32), but also the historical notices of the founding of a kingdom in Babel by Nimrod, and the distribution of the Japhetites and Shemites in their dwelling-places (Genesis 10:5, Genesis 10:9-12, Genesis 10:18-20, and Genesis 10:30 and Genesis 10:31). The remaining divergences are partly orthographic, - such as תּבּת , 1 Chronicles 1:5, for תּוּבל , Genesis 10:2, and רעמא , 1 Chronicles 1:9, for רעמה , Genesis 10:7; and partly arising from errors of transcription, - as, for example, דּיפת , 1 Chronicles 1:6, for ריפת , Genesis 10:3, and conversely, רודנים , 1 Chronicles 1:7, for דּדנים , Genesis 10:4, where it cannot with certainty be determined which form is the original and correct one; and finally, are partly due to a different pronunciation or form of the same name, - as תּרשׁישׁה , 1 Chronicles 1:7, for תּרשׁישׁ , Genesis 10:4, the aa of motion having been gradually fused into one word with the name, לוּדּיּים , 1 Chronicles 1:11, for לוּדים , Genesis 10:13, just as in Amos 9:7 we have כּוּשׁיּים for כּוּשׁים ; in 1 Chronicles 1:22, עיבל for עובל , Genesis 10:28, where the lxx have also Εὐάλ , and משׁך , 1 Chronicles 1:17, for משׁ , Genesis 10:23, which last has not yet been satisfactorily explained, since משׁך is used in Psalms 120:5 with קדר of an Arabian tribe. Finally, there is wanting in 1 Chronicles 1:17 ארם וּבני before עוּץ , Genesis 10:23, because, as in the case of Noah's sons, 1 Chronicles 1:4, where their relationship is not mentioned, so also in reference to the peoples descended from Shem, the relationship subsisting between the names Uz, Hul, etc., and Aram, is supposed to be already known from Genesis. Other suppositions as to the omission of the words ארם וּבני are improbable. That this register of seventy-one persons and tribes, descended from Shem, Ham, and Japhet, has been taken from Gen 10, is placed beyond doubt, by the fact that not only the names of our register exactly correspond with the table in Gen 10, with the exception of the few variations above mentioned, but also the plan and form of both registers is quite the same. In 1 Chronicles 1:5-9 the sections of the register are connected, as in Genesis 10:2-7, by וּבני ; from 1 Chronicles 1:10 onwards by ילד , as in Genesis 10:8; in 1 Chronicles 1:17, again, by בּני , as in Genesis 10:22; and in 1 Chronicles 1:18 by ילד , and 1 Chronicles 1:19 by ילּד , as in Genesis 10:24 and Genesis 10:25. The historical and geographical explanation of the names has been given in the commentary to Gen 10. According to Bertheau, the peoples descended from the sons of Noah amount to seventy, and fourteen of these are enumerated as descendants of Japhet, thirty of Ham, and twenty-six of Shem. These numbers he arrives at by omitting Nimrod, or not enumerating him among the sons of Ham; while, on the contrary, he takes Arphaxad, Shelah, Eber, Peleg, and Joktan, all of which are the names of persons, for names of people, in contradiction to Genesis, according to which the five names indicate persons, viz., the tribal ancestors of the Terahites and Joktanites, peoples descended from Eber by Peleg and Joktan.
The patriarchs from Shem to Abraham. - The names of these, again, are simply ranged in order according to Gen 11:10-26, while the record of their ages before the begetting and after the birth of sons is omitted. Of the sons of Terah only Abram is named, without his brothers; with the remark that Abram is Abraham, in order to point out to the reader that he was the progenitor of the chosen people so well known from Genesis (cf. 1 Chronicles 1:27).
The sons of Abraham. - In 1 Chronicles 1:28 only Isaac and Ishmael are so called; Isaac first, as the son of the promise. Then, in 1 Chronicles 1:29-31, follow the posterity of Ishmael, with the remark that Ishmael was the first-born; in 1 Chronicles 1:32 and 1 Chronicles 1:33, the sons of Keturah; and finally in 1 Chronicles 1:34, the two sons of Isaac.
1 Chronicles 1:29-33
The names of the generations ( תּולדות ) of Ishmael (Hebr. Yishma'el ) correspond to those in Genesis 25:12-15, and have been there explained. In 1 Chronicles 1:32. also, the names of the thirteen descendants of Abraham by Keturah, six sons and seven grandsons, agree with Genesis 25:1-4 (see commentary on that passage); only the tribes mentioned in Genesis 25:3, which were descended from Dedan the grandson of Keturah, are omitted. From this Bertheau wrongly concludes that the chronicler probably did not find these names in his copy of the Pentateuch. The reason of the omission is rather this, that in Genesis the great-grandchildren are not themselves mentioned, but only the tribes descended from the grandchildren, while the chronicler wished to enumerate only the sons and grandsons. Keturah is called פּילגשׁ after Genesis 25:6, where Keturah and Hagar are so named.
1 Chronicles 1:34
The two sons of Isaac. Isaac has been already mentioned as a son of Abram, along with Ishmael, in 1 Chronicles 1:28. But here the continuation of the genealogy of Abraham is prefaced by the remark that Abraham begat Isaac, just as in Genesis 25:19, where the begetting of Isaac the son of Abraham is introduced with the same remark. Hence the supposition that the registers of the posterity of Abraham by Hagar and Keturah (1 Chronicles 1:28-33) have been derived from Gen 25, already in itself so probable, becomes a certainty.
The posterity of Esau and Seir. - An extract from Gen 36:1-30. 1 Chronicles 1:35. The five sons of Esau are the same who, according to Genesis 36:4., were born to him of his three wives in the land of Canaan. יעוּשׁ is another form of יעישׁ , Genesis 36:5 (Kethibh).
1 Chronicles 1:36-37
The grandchildren of Esau. In 1 Chronicles 1:36 there are first enumerated five sons of his son Eliphaz, as in Genesis 36:11, for צפי is only another form of צפו (Gen.). Next to these five names are ranged in addition ועמלק ותמנע , “Timna and Amalek,” while we learn from Genesis 36:12 that Timna was a concubine of Eliphaz, who bore to him Amalek. The addition of the two names Timna and Amalek in the Chronicle thus appears to be merely an abbreviation, which the author might well allow himself, as the posterity of Esau were known to his readers from Genesis. The name Timna, too, by its form (a feminine formation), must have guarded against the idea of some modern exegetes that Timna was also a son of Eliphaz. Thus, then, Esau had through Eliphaz six grandchildren, who in Genesis 36:12 are all set down as sons of Adah, the wife of Esau and the mother of Eliphaz. ( Vide com. to Genesis 36:12, where the change of Timna into a son of Eliphaz is rejected as a misinterpretation.)
1 Chronicles 1:37
To Reuel, the son of Esau by Bashemath, four sons were born, whose names correspond to those in Genesis 36:13. These ten (6 + 4) grandsons of Esau were, with his three sons by Aholibamah (Jeush, Jaalam, and Korah, Genesis 36:35), the founders of the thirteen tribes of the posterity of Esau. They are called in Genesis 36:15 עשׂו בּני אלּוּפי , heads of tribes ( φύλαρχοι ) of the children of Esau, i.e., of the Edomites, but are all again enumerated, Gen. 3615-19, singly.
(Note: The erroneous statement of Bertheau, therefore, that “ according to Genesis the Edomite people was also divided into twelve tribes, five tribes from Eliphaz, four tribes from Reuel, and the three tribes which were referred immediately to Aholibamah the wife of Esau. It is distinctly stated that Amalek was connected with these twelve tribes only very loosely, for he appears as the son of the concubine of Eliphaz, ” - must be in so far corrected, that neither the Chronicle nor Genesis knows anything of the twelve tribes of the Edomites. Both books, on the contrary, mention thirteen grandsons of Esau, and these thirteen grandsons are, according to the account of Genesis, the thirteen phylarchs of the Edomite people, who are distributed according to the three wives of Esau; so that the thirteen families may be grouped together in three tribes. Nor is Amalek connected only in a loose way with the other tribes in Genesis: he is, on the contrary, not only included in the number of the sons of Adah in Genesis 36:12, probably because Timna stood in the same relationship to Adah the wife of Esau as Hagar held to Sarah, but also is reckoned in Genesis 36:16 among the Allufim of the sons of Eliphaz. Genesis therefore enumerates not five but six tribes from Eliphaz; and the chronicler has not “ completely obliterated the twelvefold division, ” as Bertheau further maintains, but the thirteen sons and grandsons of Esau who became phylarchs are all introduced; and the only thing which is omitted in reference to them is the title עשׂו בּני אלּוּפי , it being unnecessary in a genealogical enumeration of the descendants of Esau.)
1 Chronicles 1:38-42
When Esau with his descendants had settled in Mount Seir, they subdued by degrees the aboriginal inhabitants of the land, and became fused with them into one people. For this reason, in Genesis 36:20-30 the tribal princes of the Seirite inhabitants of the land are noticed; and in our chapter also, 1 Chronicles 1:38, the names of these seven שׂעיר בּני , and in 1 Chronicles 1:39-42 of their sons (eighteen men and one woman, Timna), are enumerated, where only Aholibamah the daughter of Anah, also mentioned in Genesis 36:25, is omitted. The names correspond, except in a few unimportant points, which have been already discussed in the Commentary on Genesis. The inhabitants of Mount Seir consisted, then, after the immigration of Esau and his descendants, of twenty tribes under a like number of phylarchs, thirteen of whom were Edomite, of the family of Esau, and seven Seirite, who are called in the Chronicle שׂעיר בּני , and in Genesis חרי , Troglodytes, inhabitants of the land, that is, aborigines.
If we glance over the whole posterity of Abraham as they are enumerated in 1 Chronicles 1:28-42, we see that it embraces ( a ) his sons Ishmael and Isaac, and Isaac's sons Israel and Esau (together 4 persons); ( b ) the sons of Ishmael, or the tribes descended from Ishmael (12 names); ( c ) the sons and grandsons of Keturah (13 persons or chiefs); ( d ) the thirteen phylarchs descended from Esau; ( e ) the seven Seirite phylarchs, and eighteen grandsons and a granddaughter of Seir (26 persons). We have thus in all the names of sixty-eight persons, and to them we must add Keturah, and Timna the concubine of Eliphaz, before we get seventy persons. But these seventy must not by any means be reckoned as seventy tribes, which is the result Bertheau arrives at by means of strange calculations and errors in numbers.
(Note: That the Chronicle gives no countenance to this view appears from Bertheau ' s calculation of the 70 tribes: from Ishmael, 12; from Keturah, 13; from Isaac, 2; from Esau, 5 sons and 7 grandchildren of Eliphaz (Timna, 1 Chronicles 1:36, being included in the number), and 4 grandsons by Reuel - 16 in all; from Seir 7 sons, and from these 20 other descendants, 27 in all, which makes the sum of 70. But the biblical text mentions only 19 other descendants of Seir, so that only 26 persons came from Seir, and the sum is therefore 12 + 13 + 2 + 16 + 26 = 69. But we must also object to other points in Bertheau ' s reckoning: (1) the arbitrary change of Timna into a grandchild of Esau; (2) the arbitrary reckoning of Esau and Israel (= Jacob) without Ishmael. Was Esau, apart from his sons, the originator of a people? Had the author of the Chronicle cherished the purpose attributed to him by Bertheau, of bringing the lists of names handed down by tradition to the round or significant number 70, he would certainly in 1 Chronicles 1:33 not have omitted the three peoples descended from Dedan (Genesis 25:3), as he might by these names have completed the number 70 without further trouble.)
Upon this conclusion he founds his hypothesis, that as the three branches of the family of Noah are divided into seventy peoples (which, as we have seen before is not the case), so also the three branches of the family of Abraham are divided into seventy tribes; and in this again he finds a remarkable indication “that even in the time of the chronicler, men sought by means of numbers to bring order and consistency into the lists of names handed down by tradition from the ancient times.”
The kings of Edom before the introduction of the kingship into Israel. - This is a verbally exact repetition of Genesis 36:31-39, except that the introductory formula, Genesis 36:32, “and there reigned in Edom,” which is superfluous after the heading, and the addition “ben Achbor” (Genesis 36:39) in the account of the death of Baal-hanan in 1 Chronicles 1:50, are omitted; the latter because even in Genesis, where mention is made of the death of other kings, the name of the father of the deceased king is not repeated. Besides this, the king called Hadad (v. 46f.), and the city פּעי (v. 50), are in Genesis Hadar (Genesis 36:35.) and פּעוּ (Genesis 36:39). The first of these variations has arisen from a transcriber's error, the other from a different pronunciation of the name. A somewhat more important divergence, however, appears, when in Genesis 36:39 the death of the king last named is not mentioned, because he was still alive in the time of Moses; while in the Chronicle, on the contrary, not only of him also is it added, הדד ויּמת , because at the time of the writing of the Chronicle he had long been dead, but the list of the names of the territories of the phylarchs, which in Genesis follows the introductory formula שׁמות alum ואלּה , is here connected with the enumeration of the kings by ויּהיוּ , “Hadad died, and there were chiefs of Edom.” This may mean that, in the view of the chronicler, the reign of the phylarchs took the place of the kingship after the death of the last king, but that interpretation is by no means necessary. The ו consec. may also merely express the succession of thought, only connecting logically the mention of the princes with the enumeration of the kings; or it may signify that, besides the kings, there were also tribal princes who could rule the land and people. The contents of the register which follows require that ויּהיוּ should be so understood.
The princes of Edom. - The names correspond to those in Genesis 36:40-43, but the heading and the subscription in Genesis are quite different from those in the Chronicle. Here the heading is, “and the Allufim of Edom were,” and the subscription, “these are the Allufim of Edom,” from which it would be the natural conclusion that the eleven names given are proper names of the phylarchs. But the occurrence of two female names, Timna and Aholibamah, as also of names which are unquestionably those of races, e.g., Aliah, Pinon, Teman, and Mibzar, is irreconcilable with this interpretation. If we compare the heading and subscription of the register in Genesis, we find that the former speaks of the names “of the Allufim of Edom according to their habitations,
(Note: So it is given by the author, “ nach ihren Wohnsitzen; ” but this must be a mistake, for the word is משׁפּחותם = their families, not משׁבתם , as it is in the subscription. - Tr.)
according to their places in their names,” and the latter of “the Allufim of Edom according to their habitations in the land of their possession.” It is there unambiguously declared that the names enumerated are not the names of persons, but the names of the dwelling-places of the Allufim, after whom they were wont to be named. We must therefore translate, “the Alluf of Timna, the Alluf of Aliah,” etc., when of course the female names need not cause any surprise, as places can just as well receive their names from women as their possessors as from men. Nor is there any greater difficulty in this, that only eleven dwelling-places are mentioned, while, on the contrary, the thirteen sons and grandsons of Esau are called Allufim. For in the course of time the number of phylarchs might have decreased, or in the larger districts two phylarchs may have dwelt together. Since the author of the Chronicle has taken this register also from Genesis, as the identity of the names clearly shows he did, he might safely assume that the matter was already known from that book, and so might allow himself to abridge the heading without fearing any misunderstanding; seeing, too, that he does not enumerate אלּוּפי of Esau, but אדום אלּוּפי , and Edom had become the name of a country and a people.