11 The tabernacle, his tent, and his covering, his taches, and his boards, his bars, his pillars, and his sockets,
12 The ark, and the staves thereof, with the mercy seat, and the vail of the covering,
13 The table, and his staves, and all his vessels, and the showbread,
14 The candlestick also for the light, and his furniture, and his lamps, with the oil for the light,
15 And the incense altar, and his staves, and the anointing oil, and the sweet incense, and the hanging for the door at the entering in of the tabernacle,
16 The altar of burnt offering, with his brazen grate, his staves, and all his vessels, the laver and his foot,
17 The hangings of the court, his pillars, and their sockets, and the hanging for the door of the court,
18 The pins of the tabernacle, and the pins of the court, and their cords,
19 The cloths of service, to do service in the holy place, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest's office.
11 The tabernacle, H4908 his tent, H168 and his covering, H4372 his taches, H7165 and his boards, H7175 his bars, H1280 his pillars, H5982 and his sockets, H134
12 The ark, H727 and the staves H905 thereof, with the mercy seat, H3727 and the vail H6532 of the covering, H4539
13 The table, H7979 and his staves, H905 and all his vessels, H3627 and the shewbread, H6440 H3899
14 The candlestick H4501 also for the light, H3974 and his furniture, H3627 and his lamps, H5216 with the oil H8081 for the light, H3974
15 And the incense H7004 altar, H4196 and his staves, H905 and the anointing H4888 oil, H8081 and the sweet H5561 incense, H7004 and the hanging H4539 for the door at the entering in H6607 of the tabernacle, H4908
16 The altar H4196 of burnt offering, H5930 with his brasen H5178 grate, H4345 his staves, H905 and all his vessels, H3627 the laver H3595 and his foot, H3653
17 The hangings H7050 of the court, H2691 his pillars, H5982 and their sockets, H134 and the hanging H4539 for the door H8179 of the court, H2691
18 The pins H3489 of the tabernacle, H4908 and the pins H3489 of the court, H2691 and their cords, H4340
19 The cloths H899 of service, H8278 to do service H8334 in the holy H6944 place, the holy H6944 garments H899 for Aaron H175 the priest, H3548 and the garments H899 of his sons, H1121 to minister in the priest's office. H3547
11 the tabernacle, its tent, and its covering, its clasps, and its boards, its bars, its pillars, and its sockets;
12 the ark, and the staves thereof, the mercy-seat, and the veil of the screen;
13 the table, and its staves, and all its vessels, and the showbread;
14 the candlestick also for the light, and its vessels, and its lamps, and the oil for the light;
15 and the altar of incense, and its staves, and the anointing oil, and the sweet incense, and the screen for the door, at the door of the tabernacle;
16 the altar of burnt-offering, with its grating of brass, it staves, and all its vessels, the laver and its base;
17 the hangings of the court, the pillars thereof, and their sockets, and the screen for the gate of the court;
18 the pins of the tabernacle, and the pins of the court, and their cords;
19 the finely wrought garments, for ministering in the holy place, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest's office.
11 `The tabernacle, its tent, and its covering, its hooks, and its boards, its bars, its pillars, and its sockets,
12 `The ark and its staves, the mercy-seat, and the vail of the covering,
13 `The table and its staves, and all its vessels, and the bread of the presence,
14 `And the candlestick for the light, and its vessels, and its lamps, and the oil for the light,
15 `And the altar of perfume, and its staves, and the anointing oil, and the spice perfume, and the covering of the opening at the opening of the tabernacle,
16 `The altar of burnt-offering and the brazen grate which it hath, its staves, and all its vessels, the laver and its base,
17 `The hangings of the court, its pillars, and their sockets, and the covering of the gate of the court,
18 `The pins of the tabernacle, and the pins of the court, and their cords,
19 `The coloured garments, to do service in the sanctuary, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons to act as priest in.'
11 the tabernacle, its tent, and its covering, its clasps, and its boards, its bars, its pillars, and its bases;
12 the ark, and its staves; the mercy-seat, and the veil of separation;
13 the table and its staves, and all its utensils, and the shewbread;
14 and the lamp-stand for the light, and its utensils, and its lamps, and the oil for the light;
15 and the altar of incense, and its staves; and the anointing-oil, and the incense of fragrant drugs; and the entrance-curtain at the entrance of the tabernacle;
16 the altar of burnt-offering, and the copper grating for it, its staves, and all its utensils; the laver and its stand;
17 the hangings of the court, its pillars, and its bases, and the curtains of the gate of the court;
18 the pegs of the tabernacle, and the pegs of the court, and their cords;
19 the garments of service, to do service in the sanctuary, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, to serve as priests.
11 the tent, its outer covering, its roof, its clasps, its boards, its bars, its pillars, and its sockets;
12 the ark, and its poles, the mercy seat, the veil of the screen;
13 the table with its poles and all its vessels, and the show bread;
14 the lampstand also for the light, with its vessels, its lamps, and the oil for the light;
15 and the altar of incense with its poles, the anointing oil, the sweet incense, the screen for the door, at the door of the tent;
16 the altar of burnt offering, with its grating of brass, it poles, and all its vessels, the basin and its base;
17 the hangings of the court, its pillars, their sockets, and the screen for the gate of the court;
18 the pins of the tent, the pins of the court, and their cords;
19 the finely worked garments, for ministering in the holy place, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest's office.'"
11 The House and its tent and its cover, its hooks and its boards, its rods and its pillars and its bases;
12 The ark with its cover and its rods and the veil hanging before it;
13 The table and its rods and all its vessels, and the holy bread;
14 And the support for the lights, with its vessels and its lights and the oil for the light;
15 And the altar for burning spices, with its rods, and the holy oil and the sweet perfume, and the curtain for the door, at the door of the House;
16 The altar of burned offerings, with its network of brass, its rods, and all its vessels, the washing-vessel and its base;
17 The hangings for the open space, its pillars and their bases, and the curtain for the doorway;
18 The nails for the House, and the nails for the open space and their cords;
19 The robes of needlework for the work of the holy place, the holy robes for Aaron the priest, and the robes for his sons when acting as priests.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Keil & Delitzsch Commentary » Commentary on Exodus 35
Commentary on Exodus 35 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
Preliminaries to the Work. - Ex 35:1-29. After the restoration of the covenant, Moses announced to the people the divine commands with reference to the holy place of the tabernacle which was to be built. He repeated first of all (Exodus 35:1-3) the law of the Sabbath according to Exodus 31:13-17, and strengthened it by the announcement, that on the Sabbath no fire was to be kindled in their dwelling, because this rule was to be observed even in connection with the work to be done for the tabernacle. (For a fuller comment, see at Exodus 20:9.). Then, in accordance with the command of Jehovah, he first of all summoned the whole nation to present freewill-offerings for the holy things to be prepared (Exodus 35:4, Exodus 35:5), mentioning one by one all the materials that would be required (Exodus 35:5-9, as in Exodus 25:3-7); and after that he called upon those who were endowed with understanding to prepare the different articles, as prescribed in ch. 25-30, mentioning these also one by one (Exodus 35:11-19), even down to the pegs of the dwelling and court (Exodus 27:19), and “their cords,” i.e., the cords required to fasten the tent and the hangings round the court to the pegs that were driven into the ground, which had not been mentioned before, being altogether subordinate things. (On the “cloths of service,” Exodus 35:19, see at Exodus 31:10.) In Exodus 35:20-29 we have an account of the fulfilment of this command. The people went from Moses, i.e., from the place where they were assembled round Moses, away to their tents, and willingly offered the things required as a heave-offering for Jehovah; every one “whom his heart lifted up,” i.e., who felt himself inclined and stirred up in his heart to do this. The men along with ( על as in Genesis 32:12; see Ewald , §217) the women brought with a willing heart all kinds of golden rings and jewellery: chak , lit., hook, here a clasp or ring; nezem , an ear or nose-ring (Genesis 35:4; Genesis 24:47); tabbaath , a finger-ring; cumaz , globulus aureus , probably little golden balls strung together like beads, which were worn by the Israelites and Midianites (Numbers 31:50) as an ornament round the wrist and neck, as Diod. Sic. relates that they were by the Arabians (3, 44). “ All kinds of golden jewellery, and every one who had waved (dedicated) a wave (offering) of gold to Jehovah, ” sc., offered it for the work of the tabernacle. The meaning is, that in addition to the many varieties of golden ornaments, which were willingly offered for the work to be performed, every one brought whatever gold he had set apart as a wave-offering (a sacrificial gift) for Jehovah. הניף to wave , lit., to swing or move to and fro, is used in connection with the sacrificial ritual to denote a peculiar ceremony, through which certain portions of a sacrifice, which were not intended for burning upon the altar, but for the maintenance of the priests (Numbers 18:11), were consecrated to the Lord, or given up to Him in a symbolical manner (see at Leviticus 7:30). Tenuphah , the wave-offering, accordingly denoted primarily those portions of the sacrificial animal which were allotted to the priests as their share of the sacrifices; and then, in a more general sense, every gift or offering that was consecrated to the Lord for the establishment and maintenance of the sanctuary and its worship. In this wider sense the term tenuphah (wave-offering) is applied both here and in Exodus 38:24, Exodus 38:29 to the gold and copper presented by the congregation for the building of the tabernacle. So that it does not really differ from terumah , a lift of heave-offering, as every gift intended for the erection and maintenance of the sanctuary was called, inasmuch as the offerer lifted it off from his own property, to dedicate it to the Lord for the purposes of His worship. Accordingly, in Exodus 35:24 the freewill-offerings of the people in silver and gold for the erection of the tabernacle are called terumah ; and in Exodus 36:6, all the gifts of metal, wood, leather, and woven materials, presented by the people for the erection of the tabernacle, are called קדשׁ תּרוּמת . (On heaving and the heave-offering, see at Exodus 25:2 and Leviticus 2:9.)
All the women who understood it (were wise-hearted, as in Exodus 28:3) spun with their hands, and presented what they spun, viz., the yarn required for the blue and red purple cloth, the crimson and the byssus; from which it is evident that the coloured cloths were dyed in the yarn or in the wool, as was the case in Egypt according to different specimens of old Egyptian cloths (see Hengstenberg, Egypt and the Books of Moses , p. 144). Other women spun goats' hair for the upper or outer covering of the tent (Exodus 26:7.). Spinning was done by the women in very early times ( Plin. hist. n. 8, 48), particularly in Egypt, where women are represented on the monuments as busily engaged with the spindle (see Wilkinson, Manners ii. p. 60; iii. p. 133, 136), and at a later period among the Hebrews (Proverbs 31:19). At the present day the women in the peninsula of Sinai spin the materials for their tents from camels' and goats' hair, and prepare sheep's wool for their clothing ( Rppell , Nubien , p. 202); and at Neswa, in the province of Omהn , the preparation of cotton yarn is the principal employment of the women ( Wellstedt , i. p. 90). Weaving also was, and still is to a great extent, a woman's work (cf. 2 Kings 23:7); it is so among the Arab tribes in the Wady Gharandel, for example ( Russegger , iii. 24), and in Nubia ( Burckhardt , Nub. p. 211); but at Neswa the weaving is done by the men ( Wellstedt ). The woven cloths for the tabernacle were prepared by men, partly perhaps because the weaving in Egypt was mostly done by the men ( Herod . 2, 35; cf. Hengstenberg, p. 143), but chiefly for this reason, that the cloths for the hangings and curtains were artistic works, which the women did not understand, but which the men had learned in Egypt, where artistic weaving was carried out to a great extent (Wilkinson, iii. pp. 113ff.).
(Note: For drawings of the Egyptian weaving-stool, see Wilkinson, iii. p. 135; also Hartmann , die Hebräerinn am Putztisch i. Taf. 1.)
The precious stones for the robes of the high priest, and the spices for the incense and anointing oil, were presented by the princes of the congregation, who had such costly things in their possession.
Moses then informed the people that God had called Bezaleel and Aholiab as master-builders, to complete the building and all the work connected with it, and had not only endowed them with His Spirit, that they might draw the plans for the different works and carry them out, but “had put it into his (Bezaleel's) heart to teach” (Exodus 35:34), that is to say, had qualified him to instruct labourers to prepare the different articles under his supervision and guidance. “ He and Aholiab ” (Exodus 35:34) are in apposition to “his heart:” into his and Aholiab's heart (see Ges. §121, 3; Ewald , §311 a). The concluding words in Exodus 35:35 are in apposition to אתם ( them ): “ them hath He filled with wisdom...as performers of every kind of work and inventors of designs,” i.e., that they may make every kind of work and may invent designs. In Exodus 36:1, ועשׂה with vav consec . is dependent upon what precedes, and signifies either, “and so will make,” or, so that he will make (see Ewald , §342 b). The idea is this, “Bezaleel, Aholiab, and the other men who understand, into whom Jehovah has infused ( בּ נתן ) wisdom and understanding, that they may know how to do, shall do every work for the holy service (worship) with regard to ( ל as in Exodus 28:38, etc.) all that Jehovah has commanded.”